Imagine two companies: one earns R$1 billion with 500 employees, another earns R$1 billion with 50,000 employees. According to the income statement, they look the same. But do they generate the same economic impact? No.And it was precisely to answer this type of question that the Statement of Value Added (SVA) emerged.The SVA seeks to answer: "How much wealth did the company generate for society, and how was that wealth distributed?"What is the SVA?The Statement of Value Added shows 1. How much wealth the company created. 2. How that wealth was distributed among: employees, government, lenders, shareholders, and the company itself. It is mandatory only for publicly held companies in Brazil.Simple example: An industry sells R$1,000,000, but bought raw materials from third parties worth R$600,000. So it added 1,000,000 - 600,000 = 400,000. This R$400 thousand is the value added. It was the wealth created by the company.Why does the SVA exist?The income statement was created mainly with shareholders and investors in mind. The SVA has a broader view. It shows the company's impact on workers, government, banks, shareholders, and the economy.SVA structureThe SVA has two major parts: Wealth generation (how much the company created) and wealth distribution (where that wealth went).Wealth generationThe structure is usually:RevenuesSales, services, and other revenues.Inputs acquired from third partiesEverything bought externally: raw materials, energy, outsourced services, and freight.Gross value addedRevenues - InputsDepreciationThe company consumed part of its assets.Net value addedWealth effectively generated.Value received in transferRevenues that came from third parties: dividends received, equity accounting, and financial income.Total value addedThis is the total wealth available for distribution.Distribution of wealthThis is where the most interesting part appears. The SVA shows who received the money.EmployeesIncludes: salaries, vacation pay, 13th salary, payroll charges, and benefits.GovernmentIncludes: IRPJ, CSLL, ICMS, ISS, PIS, Cofins, and royalties.LendersIncludes: interest, loans, and financing.ShareholdersIncludes: dividends and interest on equity.Retained in the companyIncludes: retained earnings and reserves.Situations to check in the SVASmall profit and huge taxesVery common in: oil, mining, and energy. Example: Profit of R$5 billion, but taxes of R$25 billion. The company seems barely profitable. But it generates enormous wealth for the government.Employees receiving more than shareholdersThis can occur in: state-owned companies, banks, and labor-intensive companies. The investor may ask: Who is the wealth benefiting?Interest consuming a large part of the wealthExample: banks receiving 30 billion, but shareholders receiving only 2 billion. This indicates: high debt and financial pressure.Shareholders receiving almost everythingThis may indicate: excessive distribution, low reinvestment, and risk of losing future growth.What do investors observe?Is the shareholder keeping a relevant share?How dependent is it on the government?How efficient is the company? Does it generate a lot of value added with relatively few inputs?How much goes to banks and lenders?How much of the wealth goes to employees?Limitations of the SVAThe SVA is excellent for: social analysis, economic analysis, ESG, economic impact. But it has limitations. It does NOT answer whether the company generates cash; whether profit is sustainable; whether equity is growing; whether there is financial risk. For that, we still need: * Balance Sheet, Income Statement, Cash Flow Statement, Statement of Comprehensive Income, and Statement of Changes in Equity.Example with PetrobrasPetrobras SVAPetrobras generated around R$105.7 billion in wealth in the quarter, but only R$32.7 billion remained as shareholders' profit.Wealth generatedSales of products and services and other revenuesThis is operating revenue. Includes: oil; diesel; gasoline; gas; oil products; and other operating revenues.Net reversals of expected credit lossesThese are adjustments related to customers who might not pay.Revenues related to the construction of assets for own useWhen Petrobras builds assets for itself: platforms; refineries; infrastructure; accounting recognizes this value.Total revenuesThis is the gross wealth produced before deducting suppliers.Inputs acquired from third partiesRaw materials and products for resalePetrobras needed to consume proportionally fewer external inputs.Materials, energy, third-party services, and othersThis includes: suppliers; maintenance; energy; and contracted services. There was significant growth. An analyst would have to investigate the reason.Tax credits on inputsTax benefit due to double taxation. Helps reduce the effective cost of inputs.Impairment reversalThis means that assets previously considered impaired recovered value. It is a positive effect. But it does not represent cash coming in.Total inputsPetrobras consumed approximately 35% of revenues in goods and services purchased from third parties.Gross value addedThis is one of the most important lines. It represents the wealth effectively created by Petrobras.Depreciation, depletion, and amortizationAt Petrobras this includes: platforms; refineries; pipelines; and wells. The increase indicates greater economic consumption of assets.Net value added producedWealth effectively created by the operation.Value received in transferThis is where wealth that was not directly produced appears.Income from equity-accounted investmentsProfit from investees.Financial incomeInterest received.Rentals, royalties, and othersAncillary revenues.Total received in transferFinal total of revenues from third parties. Not very relevant compared to the size of the operation. This is positive. It shows that the wealth comes from the core business.Total value added to distributeThis is the "pie" that will be divided.Distribution of wealthPersonnel and managersWealth distributed to employees, separated by salaries and benefits. At Petrobras, 11% of the wealth goes to employees.Taxes and government sharesTaxes separated by federal entities. At Petrobras, 59% of the wealth generated went to governments. This is a typical characteristic of the oil sector.Financial institutions and suppliersPetrobras transferred virtually no wealth to lenders. Excellent sign.Income of non-controlling shareholdersMinority shareholders of subsidiaries. Almost irrelevant at Petrobras.Retained earningsThis is the portion that effectively remained for Petrobras' owners.Petrobras conclusionMany students look at the income statement and say: "Petrobras earned R$32.7 billion." The SVA shows another view:DestinationAmountGovernment62.6 bnEmployees11.4 bnLenders-1.0 bnShareholders32.8 bnAnd in the end, value added increased from R$ 100.4 billion to R$ 105.7 billion. This shows an increase in the company’s capacity to generate wealth in the quarter.Exercises1) (Instituto Legalle - 2026 - BADESUL - RS - Development Technician - Accountant) When analyzing the accounting information of a company in the clothing sector that requested financing from Badesul, specialized in the production and sale of custom furniture, it presented the following accounting information on 12/31/2025:• Gross revenue from sales of goods: R$ 840,000.• Financial income earned in the period: R$ 40,000.• Cost of goods sold (includes the amounts of recoverable taxes): R$ 250,000.• Depreciation expense on property, plant and equipment: R$ 10,000.• Recognition of estimated losses from doubtful accounts: R$ 20,000.• Expense with third-party services: R$ 30,000.Based on this information, and considering the criteria for preparing the Statement of Value Added (SVA), select the alternative that CORRECTLY presents the total value added to be distributed by the company in fiscal year 2025.A) R$ 590,000.B) R$ 580,000.C) R$ 570,000.D) R$ 540,000.E) R$ 530,000.2) (SELECON - 2026 - EMGEPRON - Accountant) The benefits granted represented by amounts related to medical assistance, food, transportation, retirement plans, etc. comprise the distribution of wealth, in the Statement of Value Added, in the group called:A) personnelB) additional compensationC) taxes and social contributionsD) remuneration of third-party capital3) (IDECAN - 2026 - PC-SC - Civil Police Officer) Select the alternative that presents the financial statement that is related to economic information, in addition to interfacing with the communication of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) elements, and whose purpose is to show the wealth created by the entity and its distribution during a given period.A) Statement of Changes in Net Assets – SCNA.B) Statement of Value Added – SVA.C) Income Statement for the Period – ISP.D) Statement of Changes in Equity – SCE.E) Statement of Sources and Uses of Funds – SSUF.4) (COPEVE - UFMG - 2026 - UFMG - Accountant) Delta Company S.A. presented the following balances at the end of fiscal year 2024:Based exclusively on the Statement of Value Added (SVA), select the alternative that presents, respectively:Gross Value Added; Net Value Added Produced by the Entity; and Total Value Added to Distribute.A) R$ 450,000.00; R$ 450,000.00; and R$ 511,000.00.B) R$ 442,000.00; R$ 420,000.00; and R$ 481,000.00.C) R$ 442,000.00; R$ 420,000.00; and R$ 506,000.00.D) R$ 450,000.00; R$ 428,000.00; and R$ 489,000.00.5) (VUNESP - 2026 - UNIFESP - Accountant) Based on the guidelines established by CPC 09 – Statement of Value Added (SVA) and by corporate law, select the correct alternative regarding the requirements for preparing and disclosing the SVA.A) The SVA must be prepared on the accrual basis, ensuring proper recognition of revenues and expenses in the period to which they refer.B) The SVA does not need to include comparability between fiscal years, since its purpose is only to demonstrate the formation of wealth in the current period.C) The consolidated SVA is obtained by simply summing the individual SVAs of the subsidiaries, with no specific procedures for its preparation.D) The participation of non-controlling shareholders should not be considered in the distribution of value added in the consolidated statements.E) Consistency with the income statement is not required, since the criteria for determining value added are independent of the other statements.6) (CONSULPAM - 2026 - Municipality of Eusébio - CE - Internal Control Auditor - Accounting) The Statement of Value Added shows the wealth generated by the entity in a given period and its distribution among the various economic agents, such as employees, government, lenders, and shareholders. Its use reinforces the social nature of accounting. Regarding the topic, the SVA is mandatory for:A) All limited liability companies.B) All public entities.C) Publicly held companies.D) Microenterprises under the Simples tax regime.7) (FGV - 2026 - AL-RO - Legislative Analyst (Accounting)) In 2025, a business entity received a loan of R$20,000 from a financial institution and R$10,000 from a group company. The interest incurred in the year related to the two loans was, respectively, R$4,000 and R$1,000.When preparing the annual Statement of Value Added, on 12/31/2025, the business entity recognized as Distribution of Value Added - Remuneration of Third-Party Capital:A) R$4,000.B) R$5,000.C) R$11,000.D) R$24,000.E) R$35,000.8) (FGV - 2026 - AL-GO - Legislative Analyst - Accountant) An entity has financial investments abroad.In 2025, the entity recognized R$ 20,000 related to interest income and R$ 4,000 related to foreign exchange variation, with the investment.In the entity’s annual Statement of Value Added, on 12/31/2025, the amount to be recognized as “Value Added Received in Transfer” isA) zero.B) R$ 4,000.C) R$ 16,000.D) R$ 20,000.E) R$ 24,000.Answer Key1) C2) A3) B4) D5) A6) C7) B8) E
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